What Are the Symptoms of Stomach Ulcers in Horses?

Gastric ulcers, also known as equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS), are a common but often overlooked condition that can significantly affect a horse’s well-being, particularly in performance and leisure horses. Recognising the symptoms of gastric ulcers in horses early is crucial for effective management and treatment. Here, we walk you through the key signs of stomach ulcers in horses, so you can safeguard your horse’s health.

Understanding Equine Gastric Ulcers

  

Equine gastric ulcers are sores that develop in the lining of the horse’s stomach. They develop when the stomach’s protective mucus layer is compromised, allowing digestive acids to damage the lining. Factors such as stress, intense exercise, irregular feeding schedules, and certain medications can increase the risk of ulcers. Ulcers can affect any horse, but they are especially common in working horses such as racehorses and show jumpers.

Common Symptoms of Stomach Ulcers in Horses

  

Identifying the symptoms of gastric ulcers can be challenging, as they vary depending on the horse and the severity of the condition. 

However, there are several key signs of this conditions:

  • Changes in Appetite
    • Some horses may eat slowly or pick at their feed, while others may refuse food altogether. Weight loss can also occur over time if the issue is left unaddressed.
  • Behavioural Changes
    • Look for signs of irritability, aggression, or lethargy. An ordinarily calm horse may become anxious or resistant to being handled, especially when girthed or touched around the abdomen.
  • Poor Performance
    • Performance horses may show a decline in athletic ability. This can include reluctance to work, stiffness, or a lack of enthusiasm during training or competition. Horses may also show signs of discomfort when asked to collect or engage their core muscles.
  • Recurrent Colic
    • Mild, recurrent colic episodes are a common symptom of gastric ulcers. These episodes may resolve on their own but often recur if the underlying issue is not treated.
  • Grinding Teeth (Bruxism)
    • Teeth grinding is a common response to gastric discomfort and may occur during feeding, riding, or at rest.
  • Dull Coat and Poor Body Condition
    • Chronic ulcers can lead to poor nutrient absorption. Ulcers could be a contributing factor if your horse’s coat lacks its usual shine or appears underweight despite adequate feeding.
  • Excessive Salivation or Drooling
    • Some horses may produce excessive saliva or drool more than usual. This can be a response to discomfort.
  • Lying Down More Frequently
    • Horses with ulcers may lie down more often than usual to alleviate discomfort. This can also be a sign of other health issues, so it’s essential to consider it in conjunction with other symptoms.

 

Gastric Ulcer Diagnosis

 

The most reliable method for diagnosing EGUS is through gastroscopy. This procedure involves inserting a small camera into the horse’s stomach to assess the lining for ulcers visually. While this may sound invasive, it is a safe and effective way to confirm the presence and severity of ulcers. If you suspect your horse may have gastric ulcers, it’s essential to consult a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis.

The Treatment and Prevention of Stomach Ulcers

  

Once diagnosed, treatment typically involves medications such as AbPrazole and AbSucralfate. AbPrazole, which contains Omeprazole, reduces stomach acid production, allowing ulcers to heal. AbSucralfate, also known as Sucralfate, forms a protective barrier over the ulcer so that the ulcer doesn’t cause further damage.

In addition to medication, lifestyle changes play a significant role in treatment and prevention. Horses need frequent access to forage, a less stressful environment, constant water access, increased social interaction, and limited use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Stomach ulcers are a common but manageable condition in horses. If you notice any signs discussed in this post, don’t hesitate to get veterinary advice. Early intervention ensures your horse remains healthy, happy, and performance-ready.